The conventional 3D coordinate system at the CMS detector with definition of the azimuthal angle φ. It is officially described in this paper. For more coordinate systems, please see the “coordinates” tag. For the definition of pseudorapidity, please see here. For more related figures, please see the Particle Physics category.
Minimal CMS coordinate system:
The CMS coordinate system, including the LHC and a compass (the z axis points to the Jura):
The ATLAS coordinate system, including the LHC:
CMS coordinate system with the a cylindrical detector:
Full code to edit and compile if you like:
% Author: Izaak Neutelings (June 2017)
% Inspiration: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/159445/draw-in-cylindrical-and-spherical-coordinates
\documentclass[border=3pt,tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{physics}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[outline]{contour} % glow around text
\contourlength{0.9pt}
\usetikzlibrary{bending} % for arrow head angle
\colorlet{veccol}{green!50!black}
\colorlet{myred}{red!70!black}
\colorlet{myblue}{blue!70!black}
\colorlet{mydarkred}{red!40!black}
\colorlet{mydarkblue}{blue!30!black}
\colorlet{CMScol}{red!80!black}
\colorlet{ATLAScol}{blue!80!black}
\tikzset{>=latex} % for LaTeX arrow head
\tikzstyle{axis}=[->,thick,line cap=round]
\tikzstyle{detector}=[thick,draw=mydarkred,rotate around z=\ang]
\tikzstyle{beam pipe}=[draw=blue!20!black!50,fill=blue!20!black!10,rotate around z=\ang]
\tikzstyle{detector surface}=[red!60!black!60,opacity=0.06,rotate around z=\ang]
\usetikzlibrary{angles,quotes} % for pic (angle labels)
\newcommand*{\vv}[1]{\vec{\mkern0mu#1}} % aligned vector arrow
\begin{document}
% CMS conventional coordinate system
\tdplotsetmaincoords{75}{50} % to reset previous setting
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2.7,tdplot_main_coords,rotate around x=90]
% VARIABLES
\def\rvec{1.2}
\def\thetavec{40}
\def\phivec{70}
\def\w{0.2}
\coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
\tdplotsetcoord{O'}{0.04}{\thetavec}{\phivec} % shifted
\tdplotsetcoord{O''}{0.022}{90}{\phivec} % shifted
\tdplotsetcoord{P}{\rvec}{\thetavec}{\phivec}
% AXES
\fill[black!20!red] (O) circle(0.8pt) node[left=4,below=2] {CMS};
\draw[axis] (0,0.028,0) -- (0,1,0) node[below right]{$y$};
\draw[axis] (0,0,0.028) -- (0,0,1) node[below right]{$z$};
\draw[axis] (0.030,0,0) -- (1,0,0) node[below left]{$x$};
% VECTORS
\draw[->,red,line cap=round] (O') -- (P) node[anchor=-30] {$\vv{p}$};
%\fill[radius=0.4,red] (P) circle;
\draw[dashed,myred] (O'') -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (P) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (Py) -- (Pxy);
% ARCS
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{above=2,right=-1,anchor=mid west}{$\phi$}
\tdplotdrawarc[->,rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90]{(O)}{0.4}{0}{\thetavec}
{anchor=mid east}{$\theta$}
\end{tikzpicture}
% CMS conventional coordinate system with LHC and other detectors
\tdplotsetmaincoords{75}{50} % to reset previous setting
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2.7,tdplot_main_coords,rotate around x=90]
% VARIABLES
\def\rvec{1.2}
\def\thetavec{40}
\def\phivec{60}
\def\R{1.2}
\def\w{0.3}
\coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
\tdplotsetcoord{O'}{0.04}{\thetavec}{\phivec} % shifted
\tdplotsetcoord{O''}{0.022}{90}{\phivec} % shifted
\tdplotsetcoord{P}{\rvec}{\thetavec}{\phivec}
% CIRCLE - LHC (behind)
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,rotate around x=90,mydarkblue]{(\R,0,0)}{\R}{0}{360}{}{}
% AXES
\fill[CMScol] (O) circle(0.8pt) node[left=4,below=2] {CMS};
\draw[axis] (0,0.028,0) -- (0,1,0) node[below right]{$y$};
\draw[axis] (0,0,0.028) -- (0,0,1) node[below right]{$z$};
\draw[axis] (0.030,0,0) -- (1,0,0) node[below left]{$x$};
% VECTORS
%\fill[radius=0.4,red] (P) circle;
\draw[dashed,myred] (O'') -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (P) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (Py) -- (Pxy);
\draw[->,red] (O') -- (P) node[anchor=-30] {$\vv{p}$};
% CIRCLE - LHC (front)
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,rotate around x=90,mydarkblue,line cap=round]{(\R,0,0)}{\R}{178.6}{90}{}{}
% COMPASS - CMS-ATLAS axis has a ~12° declination (http://googlecompass.com)
\begin{scope}[shift={(1.1*\R,0,1.65*\R)},rotate around y=12]
\draw[<->,black!50] (-\w,0,0) -- (\w,0,0);
\draw[<->,black!50] (0,0,-\w) -- (0,0,\w);
\node[above=1,left,black!50,scale=0.6] at (-\w,0,0) {N};
\end{scope}
% NODES
\node[left,align=center] at (0,0,1.1) {Jura};
\node[right,mydarkblue] at (\R,0,0) {LHC};
\fill[ATLAScol]
(2*\R,0,0) circle(0.8pt)
node[right=4,below=2,scale=0.9] {ATLAS};
\fill[black!10!orange,rotate around x=90]
(\R,0,0)++(45:\R) circle(0.8pt) % 45 degrees from ATLAS
node[left=2,below=2,scale=0.8] {ALICE};
\fill[black!60!green,rotate around x=90]
(\R,0,0)++(-45:\R) circle(0.8pt) % 45 degrees from ATLAS
node[below=2,right=2,scale=0.8] {LHCb};
% ARCS
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{above=3,right=-2,anchor=mid west}{$\phi$}
\tdplotdrawarc[->,rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90]{(O)}{0.4}{0}{\thetavec}
{anchor=mid east}{$\theta$}
\end{tikzpicture}
% ATLAS conventional coordinate system with LHC and other detectors
\tdplotsetmaincoords{75}{50} % to reset previous setting
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2.7,tdplot_main_coords,rotate around x=90]
% VARIABLES
\def\rvec{1.2}
\def\thetavec{40}
\def\phivec{60}
\def\R{1.2}
\def\w{0.3}
\coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
\tdplotsetcoord{O'}{0.04}{\thetavec}{\phivec} % shifted
\tdplotsetcoord{O''}{0.022}{90}{\phivec} % shifted
\tdplotsetcoord{P}{\rvec}{\thetavec}{\phivec}
% CIRCLE - LHC (behind)
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,rotate around x=90,mydarkblue]{(\R,0,0)}{\R}{0}{360}{}{}
% AXES
\fill[ATLAScol] (O) circle(0.8pt) node[left=3,below=2] {ATLAS};
\draw[axis] (0,0.028,0) -- (0,1,0) node[below right]{$y$};
\draw[axis] (0,0,0.028) -- (0,0,1) node[left=-1]{$z$};
\draw[axis] (0.030,0,0) -- (1,0,0) node[below left]{$x$};
% VECTORS
%\fill[radius=0.4,red] (P) circle;
\draw[dashed,myblue] (O'') -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myblue] (P) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myblue] (Py) -- (Pxy);
\draw[->,blue,line cap=round] (O') -- (P) node[anchor=-30] {$\vv{p}$};
% CIRCLE - LHC (front)
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,rotate around x=90,mydarkblue,line cap=round]{(\R,0,0)}{\R}{178.6}{90}{}{}
% COMPASS - CMS-ATLAS axis has a ~12° declination (http://googlecompass.com)
\begin{scope}[shift={(1.1*\R,0,1.65*\R)},rotate around y=12]
\draw[<->,black!50] (-\w,0,0) -- (\w,0,0);
\draw[<->,black!50] (0,0,-\w) -- (0,0,\w);
\node[right,black!50,scale=0.6] at (\w,0,0) {N};
\end{scope}
% NODES
%\node[left,align=center] at (0,0,1.1) {Jura};
\node[right,mydarkblue] at (\R,0,0) {LHC};
\fill[CMScol]
(2*\R,0,0) circle(0.8pt)
node[right=4,below=2,scale=0.9] {CMS};
\fill[black!10!orange,rotate around x=90]
(\R,0,0)++(225:\R) circle(0.8pt) % 45 degrees from ATLAS
node[left=2,below=2,scale=0.8] {ALICE};
\fill[black!60!green,rotate around x=90]
(\R,0,0)++(135:\R) circle(0.8pt) % 45 degrees from ATLAS
node[below=5,left=0,scale=0.8] {LHCb};
% ARCS
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{above=3,right=-2,anchor=mid west}{$\phi$}
\tdplotdrawarc[->,rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90]{(O)}{0.4}{0}{\thetavec}
{anchor=mid east}{$\theta$}
\end{tikzpicture}
% CMS detector - left perspective
\tdplotsetmaincoords{75}{50} % to reset previous setting
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2.8,tdplot_main_coords,rotate around x=90]
% VARIABLES
\def\rvec{\L/2/cos(\thetavec)}
\def\thetavec{18}
\def\phivec{60}
\def\L{3.3} % detector length
\def\R{0.75} % detector cylinder radius
\def\l{4.3} % beam pipe length
\def\r{0.04} % beam pipe radius
\def\rt{0.042} % beam pipe radius + line thickness
\def\xmax{1} % maximum x axis
\def\ymax{1} % maximum y axis
\def\zmin{-\l/2-0.2} % minimum z axis
\def\zmax{\l/2+0.3} % maximum z axis
\def\w{0.3}
\coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
\coordinate (Z) at (0,0,\L/2);
\tdplotsetcoord{O'}{0.022}{\thetavec}{\phivec} % slightly shifted origin
\tdplotsetcoord{O''}{0.018}{90}{\phivec} % slightly shifted origin
\tdplotsetcoord{P}{\rvec}{\thetavec}{\phivec}
% CYLINDER behind
\def\ang{19} % rotate lines to simulate cylinder
\fill[top color=red!50!black!4,bottom color=red!60!black!2,rotate around z=\ang]
(0,\R,\L/2) --++ (0,0,-\L) arc(90:270:\R) --++ (0,0,\L) arc(270:90:\R) -- cycle;
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=L/2
(0,0,\L/2) --++ (0,\R,0) arc(90:270:\R) -- cycle;
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=-L/2
(0,0,-\L/2) --++ (0,\R,0) arc(90:270:\R) -- cycle;
\tdplotdrawarc[detector]{(0,0,\L/2)}{\R}{0}{360}{}{}
\tdplotdrawarc[detector,thin]{(0,0,-\L/2)}{\R}{0}{360}{}{}
%\draw[detector,canvas is yx plane at z=-\L/2] (0,0,0) circle(\R);
\draw[detector,thin] % transverse plane at z=0
(90-\ang:\R) arc (90-\ang:270:\R);
\draw[detector] (0,0,-\L/2)++(90:\R) --++ (0,0,\L); % top horizontal
\draw[detector] (0,0,-\L/2)++(-90:\R) --++ (0,0,\L); % bottom horizontal
% BEAM PIPE
\tdplotdrawarc[beam pipe]{(0,0,\l/2)}{\r}{0}{360}{}{}
%\tdplotdrawarc[beam pipe]{(0,0,-\l/2)}{\r}{\ang-90}{90}{}{}
%\draw[beam pipe] % cylindric beam pipe
% (0,\r,-\l/2) --++ (0,0,\l) arc(90:-90:\r)
% --++ (0,0,-\l) arc(-90:90:\r);
\draw[beam pipe] % beam pipe, thinner in middle
(0,\r,-\l/2) -- (0,\r,-0.2*\l) -- (90:0.5*\r)
-- (0,\r,0.2*\l) -- (0,\r,0.5*\l) arc(90:-90:\r)
-- (0,-\r,0.2*\l) -- (-90:0.5*\r) --
(0,-\r,-0.2*\l) -- (0,-\r,-\l/2) arc(-90:90:\r);
\draw[beam pipe] (0,0,\l/2) circle(\r);
% AXES
%\draw[thick,->] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1) node[below right]{$z$}; % short
\draw[axis,-] (0,0,\zmin) -- (0,0,0); % long
\fill[CMScol] (O) circle(0.5pt) node[right=1,below=1] {IP};
\draw[axis] (0,0,0.020) -- (0,0,\zmax) node[right=3,below=1]{$z$}; % long
\draw[axis] (0,0.019,0) -- (0,\ymax,0) node[below left]{$y$};
\draw[dashed,myred] (O'') -- (Pxy);
\draw[axis] (0.022,0,0) -- (\xmax,0,0) node[below=1,right=-2]{$x$};
% LABELS
\node[mydarkred,above] at (0,\ymax,0) {$\eta=0$};
\node[mydarkred,above=3] at (0,\R,0.3*\L) {$\eta>0$};
\node[mydarkred,above=3] at (0,\R,-0.2*\L) {$\eta<0$};
\node[mydarkred,below=1,left] at (0,0,\zmax) {$\eta=\infty$};
\node[mydarkred,above=1,right] at (0,0,\zmin) {$\eta=-\infty$};
% VECTORS
%\fill[radius=0.4,red] (P) circle;
\draw[dashed,myred] (P) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (Py) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (P) -- (Pz);
\draw[->,red,line cap=round] (O') -- (P) node[anchor=-30] {$\vv{p}$};
% CYLINDER front
\draw[beam pipe,fill=none] (0,\r,-\l/2) arc(90:-90:\r);
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=L/2
(0,\rt,\L/2) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(90:-90:\R) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(-90:90:\rt);
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=-L/2
(0,\rt,-\L/2) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(90:-90:\R) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(-90:90:\rt);
\tdplotdrawarc[detector]{(0,0,\L/2)}{\R}{-90}{90}{}{} % transverse plane at z=L/2
\tdplotdrawarc[detector]{(0,0,-\L/2)}{\R}{-90}{90}{}{} % transverse plane at z=-L/2
\draw[beam pipe,fill=none] (0,\r,\l/2) arc(90:-90:\r);
\draw[detector,very thin] % transverse plane at z=0
(90-\ang:\R) arc (90-\ang:-90:\R);
% ANGLES
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,red!57!black!3] % contour
{(O)}{0.2}{4}{0.7*\phivec}{}{}
\tdplotdrawarc[draw=none,opacity=0.8]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec} % transparant contour
{above=2,right=-1,anchor=mid west}{\contour{red!55!black!3}{$\phi$}}
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{above=2,right=-1,anchor=mid west}{$\phi$}
\tdplotdrawarc[->,rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90]
{(O)}{0.88}{0}{\thetavec}{anchor=mid east}{$\theta$}
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,red!58!black!4,rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90] % contour
{(O)}{0.3}{88}{0.5*(90+\thetavec)}{}{}
\tdplotdrawarc[-{>[flex'=1]},rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90,line cap=round]
{(O)}{0.3}{90}{\thetavec}{above=4,right=2,anchor=mid east}{$\eta$}
\draw[mydarkred] (0,0,\L/2) --++ (\R,0,0);
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,red!60!black!6] % contour
{(Z)}{0.2}{4}{0.7*\phivec}{}{}
\tdplotdrawarc[draw=none,opacity=0.8]{(Z)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec} % transparant contour
{above=2,right=-1,anchor=mid west}{\contour{red!60!black!6}{$\phi$}}
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(Z)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{above=2,right=-1,anchor=mid west}{$\phi$}
% COMPASS - CMS-ATLAS axis has a ~12° declination (http://googlecompass.com)
\begin{scope}[shift={(1.1*\R,-\R,0.2*\L)},rotate around y=12]
\draw[<->,black!50] (-\w,0,0) -- (\w,0,0);
\draw[<->,black!50] (0,0,-\w) -- (0,0,\w);
\node[above=1,left,black!50,scale=0.6] at (-\w,0,0) {N};
\node[below=3,left=-2,green!20!black!50,scale=0.6] at (0,0,\w) {Jura};
%\node[below=1,right,black!50,scale=0.6,align=center] at (\w,0,0) {center of\\the LHC};
\node[below=1,right,blue!30!black!50,scale=0.6] at (\w,0,0) {ATLAS};
\end{scope}
\draw[->,thick,orange!30!black] (1.4*\w,-\R,-0.1*\L) --++ (2*\w,0,0)
node[below=1,right,scale=0.8,align=center] {center of\\[-1pt]the LHC};
\end{tikzpicture}
% CMS detector - right perspective
\tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{125} % to reset previous setting
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2.8,tdplot_main_coords,rotate around x=90]
% VARIABLES
\def\rvec{\L/2/cos(\thetavec)}
\def\thetavec{17}
\def\phivec{60}
\def\L{3.1} % detector length
\def\R{0.75} % detector cylinder radius
\def\l{4.1} % beam pipe length
\def\r{0.04} % beam pipe radius
\def\rt{0.042} % beam pipe radius + line thickness
\def\xmax{1} % maximum x axis
\def\ymax{1.05} % maximum y axis
\def\zmin{-\l/2-0.2} % minimum z axis
\def\zmax{\l/2+0.3} % maximum z axis
\def\w{0.3}
\coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
\coordinate (Z) at (0,0,\L/2);
\tdplotsetcoord{O'}{0.8*\rvec}{\thetavec}{\phivec} % shifted origin
\tdplotsetcoord{O''}{0.018}{90}{\phivec} % shifted origin
\tdplotsetcoord{P}{\rvec}{\thetavec}{\phivec}
% CYLINDER behind
\def\ang{20} % rotate lines to simulate cylinder
\fill[top color=red!50!black!4,bottom color=red!60!black!2,rotate around z=\ang]
(0,\R,\L/2) --++ (0,0,-\L) arc(90:270:\R) --++ (0,0,\L) arc(270:90:\R) -- cycle;
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=L/2
(0,0,\L/2) --++ (0,\R,0) arc(90:270:\R) -- cycle;
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=-L/2
(0,0,-\L/2) --++ (0,\R,0) arc(90:270:\R) -- cycle;
\tdplotdrawarc[detector,thin]{(0,0,\L/2)}{\R}{0}{360}{}{} % transverse plane at z=L/2
\tdplotdrawarc[detector]{(0,0,-\L/2)}{\R}{0}{360}{}{} % transverse plane at z=-L/2
\draw[detector,thin] % transverse plane at z=0
(90-\ang:\R) arc (90-\ang:270:\R);
\draw[detector] (0,0,-\L/2)++(90:\R) --++ (0,0,\L); % top horizontal
\draw[detector] (0,0,-\L/2)++(-90:\R) --++ (0,0,\L); % bottom horizontal
% BEAM PIPE
\tdplotdrawarc[beam pipe]{(0,0,-\l/2)}{\r}{0}{360}{}{}
\draw[beam pipe] % beam pipe, thinner in middle
(0,\r,-\l/2) -- (0,\r,-0.2*\l) -- (90:0.5*\r)
-- (0,\r,0.2*\l) -- (0,\r,0.5*\l) arc(90:-90:\r)
-- (0,-\r,0.2*\l) -- (-90:0.5*\r) --
(0,-\r,-0.2*\l) -- (0,-\r,-\l/2) arc(-90:90:\r);
\draw[beam pipe] (0,0,\l/2) circle(\r);
% AXES
\draw[axis] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,\zmax) node[right=3,below=2]{$z$}; % long
\draw[->,red] (O) -- (P) node[above left=-4] {$\vv{p}$};
\fill[CMScol] (O) circle(0.5pt) node[right=1,below=1] {IP};
\draw[axis,-] (0,0,\zmin) -- (0,0,-0.020); % long
\draw[axis] (0,0.019,0) -- (0,\ymax,0) node[below left]{$y$};
\draw[axis] (0.022,0,0) -- (\xmax,0,0) node[below=1,left=-2]{$x$};
% LABELS
\node[mydarkred,above] at (0,\ymax,0) {$\eta=0$};
\node[mydarkred,above=6] at (0,\R,0.23*\L) {$\eta>0$};
\node[mydarkred,above=6] at (0,\R,-0.3*\L) {$\eta<0$};
\node[mydarkred,above=1,left] at (0,0,\zmax) {$\eta=\infty$};
\node[mydarkred,below=1,right] at (0,0,\zmin) {$\eta=-\infty$};
% VECTORS
%\fill[radius=0.4,red] (P) circle;
\draw[dashed,myred] (O'') -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (P) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (Py) -- (Pxy);
\draw[dashed,myred] (P) -- (Pz);
\draw[->,red] (O') -- (P);
% CYLINDER front
\draw[beam pipe,fill=none] (0,\r,-\l/2) arc(90:-90:\r);
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=L/2
(0,\rt,\L/2) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(90:-90:\R) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(-90:90:\rt);
\fill[detector surface] % transverse plane at z=-L/2
(0,\rt,-\L/2) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(90:-90:\R) --++ (0,\R-\rt,0) arc(-90:90:\rt);
\tdplotdrawarc[detector]{(0,0,\L/2)}{\R}{-90}{90}{}{}
\tdplotdrawarc[detector]{(0,0,-\L/2)}{\R}{-90}{90}{}{}
\draw[beam pipe,fill=none] (0,\r,\l/2) arc(90:-90:\r);
\draw[detector,very thin] % transverse plane at z=0
(90-\ang:\R) arc (90-\ang:-90:\R);
% ANGLES
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,red!57!black!3]{(O)}{0.2}{4}{0.7*\phivec}{}{} % contour
\tdplotdrawarc[draw=none,opacity=0.8]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec} % transparant contour
{below=4,left=-1,anchor=mid east}{\contour{red!55!black!3}{$\phi$}}
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(O)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{below=4,left=-1,anchor=mid east}{$\phi$}
\tdplotdrawarc[->,rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90]
{(O)}{1.05}{0}{\thetavec}{above=2,anchor=mid east}{$\theta$}
\tdplotdrawarc[-{>[bend=1]},rotate around z=\phivec-90,rotate around y=-90,line cap=round]
{(O)}{0.3}{90}{\thetavec}{above=4,right=2,anchor=mid east}{$\eta$}
\draw[mydarkred,line cap=round] (0.004,0,\L/2) --++ (\R,0,0);
\tdplotdrawarc[thick,red!60!black!4]{(Z)}{0.2}{4}{0.7*\phivec}{}{} % contour
\tdplotdrawarc[draw=none]{(Z)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec} % transparant contour
{below=4,left=-1,anchor=mid east,opacity=0.8}{\contour{red!60!black!4}{$\phi$}}
\tdplotdrawarc[->]{(Z)}{0.2}{0}{\phivec}
{below=4,left=-1,anchor=mid east}{$\phi$}
% COMPASS - CMS-ATLAS axis has a ~12° declination (http://googlecompass.com)
\begin{scope}[shift={(1.3*\R,-\R,0.45*\L)},rotate around y=12]
\draw[<->,black!50] (-\w,0,0) -- (\w,0,0);
\draw[<->,black!50] (0,0,-\w) -- (0,0,\w);
\node[right=4,above,black!50,scale=0.6] at (-\w,0,0) {N};
\node[above=1,left=-1,green!20!black!50,scale=0.6] at (0,0,\w) {Jura};
\node[left=2,below=1,blue!30!black!50,scale=0.6] at (\w,0,0) {ATLAS};
\end{scope}
\draw[->,thick,orange!30!black] (1.4*\w,-\R,0.1*\L) --++ (2*\w,0,0)
node[below=1,left,scale=0.8,align=center] {center of\\[-1pt]the LHC};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
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